Anchor cable unloaders are specialized equipment used for anchor cable unloading operations in coal mines. They are mainly used to release stress on the roof of roadways and recover anchors, trays, anchor nets, steel strips, etc., so as to facilitate timely roof release. The equipment is usually composed of a power unit (such as a dual-speed reversing oil pump or pneumatic hydraulic pump), a transmission unit (high-pressure hydraulic pipe), and an execution unit (front-mounted tensioning jack). It is characterized by its small size, light weight, and convenient operation. Its rated pressure range is between 50-63 MPa, and the separation of the anchor and the steel strand is achieved through hydraulic drive.
The equipment can effectively reduce operational risks in coal mine roadway maintenance. After the application of the TQ22-300/50 anchor unloader at Yuhua Mine, 90 sets of anchors were recovered and reused in the first half of December [5]. Improved models such as intelligent anchor unloader robots reduce the risk of personnel exposure through remote operation, and the unloading time for a single anchor is shortened from 30 minutes to 5 minutes. After its application at Longwangou Coal Mine, the number of workers per shift was reduced by 2, and the anchor cable processing efficiency was increased by 83%. Currently, utility model patents have enabled more portable anchor release structures. Xinwen Mining Group has obtained a patent for a roadway anchor release device that is not limited by the length of exposed steel strands. Huaibei Mining Co., Ltd. also applied for a patent in 2025 for an anchor release device for mine support aimed at extending pipeline service life.
